A tiny dancer with a rainbow fan
Peacock spiders (Maratus) are miniature jumping spiders from Australia known for their spectacular courtship displays. Males unfurl a colorful abdominal fan and perform precise dances to attract a mate. Despite their size, they have charisma to spare and are a favorite of nature lovers and photographers.
These spiders are skilled jumpers with excellent vision. During courtship, a male will raise his legs, vibrate his body, and shimmy across the ground while flashing his fan and bright patterns. The ritual is equal parts choreography and color, and it is designed to convince a picky female that he is worth the risk.
Key Facts
- Scientific Group: Maratus
- Native Region: Southern and eastern Australia, including coastal scrub and heathland
- Notable Trait: Brilliant abdominal fan and elaborate courtship dance
- Diet: Tiny insects and other small arthropods
- Size: Adults typically 4 to 7 mm in length
- Lifespan: About 1 to 2 years in the wild
Behavior
Peacock spiders are active hunters. They stalk and pounce on tiny prey rather than building webs to catch food. Their vision is excellent, which helps them judge distance and perform accurate jumps.
Mating displays are the most remarkable behavior. A male will find a stage, like a flat rock or a bare patch of soil then begin his show. He raises his third pair of legs, vibrates, and hops while flashing the fan. If the female is impressed, courtship continues, and mating may follow. If not, he may be ignored or chased away.
Outside of courtship, they are solitary and often shy. Juveniles resemble adults in behavior but lack the bright colors until they mature. Their small size and vivid personality make them a joy to watch up close.
FAQs
Are peacock spiders poisonous?
No. They are not harmful to humans. Their tiny fangs are for subduing small insects and are not effective against people.
Why do males have colorful fans?
The colors and patterns help males stand out during courtship. Bright patterns signal health and vigor to a female and improve the chance of a successful mating.
How do they jump so well?
Jumping spiders use rapid changes in blood pressure inside their legs to power jumps. Their strong vision helps them aim and land accurately.
When is the best time to see their dances?
Spring and early summer are peak times for courtship in many regions. Males perform during daylight hours when their colors are most visible.
How small are they really?
Most species are under 7 mm from front to back. Their tiny size makes their dances even more remarkable because the display is so precise.
